Committees like the Malimath and Madhav Menon Committees have recommended statutory frameworks for sentencing. Adoption of alternative sanctions and a victim-centric approach are suggested to improve ...

Maharashtra’s law keeps an eye on repeat offenders, can restrict their movement, send them for reform, and gives extra punishment if they break rules or are caught acting suspiciously.

Special laws in India refer to statutes enacted to address specific types of offences or situations not fully covered by the Indian Penal Code (IPC). These laws often prescribe th ...

Article 37: It states that the Directive Principles are non-justiciable. Nevertheless, Article 37 itself says that these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the ...

The Fundamental Rights in India are enshrined in Part III of the Constitution, covering Articles 12 to 35. These rights are considered essential for the development of every individual and for ...

Judicial activism is evident in landmark judgments such as the expansion of Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty) to include the "due process of law," not just "procedure established by law, ...

The Indian Constitution envisions the judiciary as a guardian of justice and an agent of social transformation. Articles 14, 15, 16, 17, 38, 39A, and 42 to 47 collectively address various facets of ...

The judiciary in India plays a crucial role in shaping the legal landscape by creatively interpreting laws and relying on judicial precedents. This dynamic process ensures that the Constitution ...

The independence of the judiciary is a fundamental principle enshrined in the Indian Constitution. It ensures that the judiciary functions autonomously, free from external pressures and influences, ...

The State of Maharashtra v. Madhukar Narayan Mardikar is a landmark Supreme Court case from 1991 that addressed police misconduct, the evidentiary value of a woman's testimony, and the right to ...