Qualitative spatial reasoning is a field concerned with describing and inferring the relationships between spatial entities using symbolic representations rather than precise numerical coordinates. At ...

The study of islands and their spatial relations has evolved into a rich interdisciplinary field that bridges geography, ecology, sociology and policy studies. Once regarded as peripheral or isolated, ...

Spatial relations in text refer to how a geographical entity is located in space in relation to a reference entity. Extracting spatial relations from text is a fundamental task in natural language ...