Functional integral equations constitute a broad class of problems in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. These equations play a pivotal role in modelling complex phenomena in ...

Electromagnetic integral equations offer a powerful framework for modelling wave propagation and scattering phenomena by recasting Maxwell’s equations into formulations involving integrals over ...

For the integral equation $\mathrm{u}\left(\mathrm{x}\right)={\int }_{0}^{1}\mathrm{K}(\mathrm{x},\mathrm{y})\times \mathrm{u}\left(\mathrm{y}\right)\mathrm{d}\mathrm ...

We address the problem of determining the initial function φ(t), for t ∈ [−τ, 0], given the solution y(t) ≡ y(φ; t) of the linear delay differential equation y′(t) - A(t)y(t) - B(t)y(t - τ) = f(t), t ...

Engineers have designed a metamaterial device that can solve integral equations. The device works by encoding parameters into the properties of an incoming electromagnetic wave; once inside, the ...

Analogue computer: Brian Edwards (left), Nader Engheta (centre) and Nasim Mohammadi Estakhri show-off their microwave protoype. (Courtesy: Eric Sucar/University of Pennsylvania) Metamaterials have ...